Well Water Treatment: Comparing Filtration & Purification Systems

Treatment Technologies

Different contaminants require different treatment approaches. No single system removes everything.

Reverse Osmosis (RO)

Removes: arsenic, lead, nitrate, PFAS, fluoride, TDS. Point-of-use ($150-$500), whole-house ($1,500-$4,000). Wastes 2-4 gallons per gallon produced. Very effective for most chemical contaminants.

Activated Carbon (GAC/Carbon Block)

Removes: chlorine, VOCs, some pesticides, taste/odor issues. Does NOT remove: arsenic, nitrate, fluoride, bacteria. Affordable ($50-$300 for filters). Requires regular filter changes.

UV Disinfection

Kills: bacteria, viruses, protozoa. Does NOT remove: chemical contaminants, heavy metals. Low operating cost ($100-$400 for unit). Requires clear water (pre-filtration if turbid).

Water Softeners (Ion Exchange)

Removes: hardness minerals (calcium, magnesium). Some models can also remove iron and manganese. $500-$2,500 installed. Requires salt replenishment.

Choosing the Right System

Start with a comprehensive water test, then match treatment to your specific contaminants. A qualified water treatment professional can design a system for your needs.