When to Test Well Water: Triggers & Warning Signs

Annual Testing

At minimum, test every year for coliform bacteria and nitrate. This is your baseline monitoring schedule even if water seems fine.

Immediate Testing Triggers

Test your well water right away if you notice: change in taste, odor, or color; a new baby in the household (test for nitrate); gastrointestinal illness in household members; nearby land use changes (new construction, farming, mining); flooding or heavy rain events near your wellhead.

After Events

Test after: well repairs or pump replacement, septic system problems nearby, chemical spills in your area, natural disasters, or any time the well is opened for maintenance.

Buying Property

Always test well water before purchasing a home with a private well. Request a comprehensive panel including bacteria, nitrate, arsenic, lead, radon, PFAS, pH, hardness, iron, and manganese. Some mortgage lenders require well water testing.